To maintain stable genomes and avoid aging and diseases such as cancer, cells need to repair a variety of harmful DNA damage, which is constantly occurring in every cell. Chemical inhibition of the crucial DNA repair proteins and pharmacologically induced synthetic lethality have played a role in understanding complex DNA damage repair networks and as potential anti-cancer candidates. A wide range of studies have been performed to identify and analyze small-molecule inhibitors of DNA repair proteins, from PARP1 (a model case of clinically successful small-molecule inhibitors) to novel targets such as MRE11 nuclease, RAD51 recombinase, WRN DNA helicase and RAD52 DNA repair protein.
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