The punture is performed with a cannula most of the time. Through this drain tube physiological (blood) or pathological (eg.synovia) fluids, or even small specimens of tissue are drained.The punture is one of the medical routine works and can be consideres as mostly non-dangerous and cheap. However, puncturing of deeper structures/organs needs a lot of attentions and is often done with sonographic control.
Picture: Preparation of puncture (pleura)